Artificial Intelligence

Nowadays, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is one of the rapidly growing and developing technology of the computer world. Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence demonstrated by machines, as opposed to the natural intelligence displayed by animals including humans. AI research has been defined as the field of study of intelligent agents, which refers to any system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of achieving its goals.

AI requires a foundation of specialized hardware and software for writing and training machine learning algorithms. No one programming language is synonymous with AI, but a few, including Python, R and Java, are popular.

Artificial intelligence (AI) makes it possible for machines to learn from experience, adjust to new inputs and perform human-like tasks. Most AI examples that you hear about today are applications include advanced web search engines (Google), recommendation systems (used by YouTube, Amazon and Netflix), understanding human speech (such as Siri and Alexa), self-driving cars (Tesla), automated decision-making and competing at the highest level in strategic game systems (such as chess and Go).

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In general, AI systems work by ingesting large amounts of labeled training data, analyzing the data for correlations and patterns, and using these patterns to make predictions about future states.

Knowledge representation and knowledge engineering allow AI programs to answer questions intelligently and make deductions about real-world facts. AI research has developed tools to represent specific domains, such as objects, properties, categories and relations between objects; situations, events, states and time; causes and effects.

Learning

There are a number of different forms of learning as applied to artificial intelligence. The simplest is learning by trial and error. This aspect of AI programming focuses on acquiring data and creating algorithms for how to turn the data into actionable information. The algorithms provide computing devices with step by step instructions for how to complete a specific task.

Reasoning

This aspect of AI programming focuses on choosing the right algorithm to reach a desired outcome. To reason is to draw inferences appropriate to the situation. Inferences are classified as either deductive or inductive. The most significant difference between these forms of reasoning is that in the deductive case the truth of the premises guarantees the truth of the conclusion, whereas in the inductive case the truth of the premise lends support to the conclusion without giving absolute assurance. Inductive reasoning is common in science where as deductive reasoning is common in mathematics and logic.

Natural Language Processing

Natural language processing (NLP) allows machines to read and understand human language. A sufficiently powerful natural language processing system would enable natural-language user interfaces and the acquisition of knowledge directly from human-written sources, such as newswire texts. Some straightforward applications of NLP include information retrieval, question answering and machine translation.

Advantages

One of the biggest achievements of Artificial Intelligence is that it can reduce human error. It improves work efficiency so reduce the duration of time to accomplish a task in comparison to humans. Another big advantage of AI is that humans can overcome many risks by letting AI robots do them for us like defusing a bomb, going to space, exploring the deepest parts of oceans. Humans also need breaks and time offs to balance their work life and personal life. But AI can work endlessly without breaks.

While taking a decision human will analyze many factors both emotionally and practically, AI on the other hand, is devoid of emotions and highly practical and rational in its approach. A huge advantage of Artificial Intelligence is that it doesn’t have any biased views, which ensures more accurate decision-making.

Dis-Advantages

The implementation cost of AI is very high. The difficulties with software development for AI implementation are that the development of software is slow and expensive. A big disadvantage of AI is that it cannot learn to think outside the box. AI is capable of learning over time with pre-fed data and past experiences, but cannot be creative in its approach.

One of the biggest disadvantages of artificial intelligence is that AI is slowly replacing a number of repetitive tasks with bots. The reduction in the need for human interference has resulted in the death of many job opportunities and increase in unemployment.

Humans do not have to memorize things or solve puzzles to get the job done, which tend to use human brain less and less. This addiction to AI can cause problems to future generations. Machines can easily lead to destruction if the implementation of machine put in the wrong hands.